Preheat & Prepare Pan:
Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C).
Grease and flour a 9x5-inch loaf pan or a bundt pan.
Cream Butter & Sugar:
In a large mixing bowl, cream together softened butter and sugar using a hand or stand mixer until light and fluffy (about 3–4 minutes).
Add Eggs & Flavorings:
Add eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition.
Stir in vanilla extract (and lemon zest or almond extract, if using).
Combine Dry Ingredients:
In a separate bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
Alternate Mixing:
Add the dry mixture to the wet ingredients in 3 parts, alternating with buttermilk (starting and ending with the dry).
Mix until just combined—do not overmix.
Bake:
Pour batter into prepared pan and smooth the top.
Bake for 55–65 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
If using a bundt pan, check around 50 minutes.
Cool:
Let the cake cool in the pan for 10 minutes.
Turn out onto a wire rack and allow to cool completely.